Show collapsed ribbon in full view
If the Excel ribbon is minimized so that only tab names are visible, do one of the following to get it back to a normal full display:

Press the ribbon shortcut Ctrl + F1.
Double-click on any ribbon tab to make the entire ribbon visible again.
Right-click any ribbon tab and clear the checkmark next to Collapse the Ribbon in Excel 2019 - 2013 or Minimize the Ribbon in Excel 2010 and 2007.

Pin the ribbon. For this, click on any tab to temporarily view the ribbon. A small pin icon will appear at the lower right corner in Excel 2016 and 2019 (the arrow in Excel 2013), and you click on it to always show the ribbon.

Unhide ribbon in Excel
If the ribbon is hidden completely including the tab names, here's how you can restore it:

To unhide the ribbon temporarily, click at the very top of your workbook.

To get the ribbon back permanently, click the Ribbon Display Options button in the top-right corner and choose the Show Tabs and Commands option. This will show the ribbon in the default full view with all the tabs and commands.

Hope this helps,
Jerry.