How do I go about assigning a number to a particular piece of data? To give a
simple example of what I'm trying to do, and what I envision, I'll pretend
I'm building a sandwich.

1=white
2=wheat
3=ham
4=turkey
5=roast beef
6=lettuce
7=tomato
8=mayo
9=mustard
10=cheese

So, someone could come along and build their sandwich,
ham/turkey/tomato/mayo on white bread. Excel would then recognize that
1+3+4+7+8=23
23=The American (the name of the sandwich, which I've already assigned a
variable to)

I'm using the sandwich model because its a lot simpler than what I'm
attempting to do.