The $ sign makes an address absolute so it won't change when you drag ot so:-

A$1 won't chnge when dragged down bit becomes B$1 when dragged right
$a1 won't change when dragged right but becomes $A2 when dragged down
$A$1 never changes when dragged.

Mike

"Naveed Pathan" wrote:

hiiiii i want to know about Dollar Sign ($) used in Ms Excel formulas but i
have a bit confusion about the use of it first of all what is $ call in Excel
is there any specific term used for it secondly what is the specific meaning
of the following $ usage. i mean we can use it in different cell reference
such as

1) A$1
2)$a1
3) $A$1

thanks