What does the $ do in excel formulas?
 

What does the $ do in excel formulas?
 

Suppose you have in B1, the formula =2*A1
Now you copy this to D3 and you get =2*C3
Excel has changed the cell reference because it was treated as 'relative' -
A1 is on the left of B1 on the same row
so when we copy the formula A1 gets changes to one to the left and on the
same row as the new formula.

If you had (in B1) =2*$A1 and copied to D3 you would get =2*$A3 because now
the column (A) is 'absolute' by virtue of the $ and does not get changed.

Likewise if B1 has =2*A$1 and this is copied to D3 we get =2*C$1
Finally =2*$A$1 in B1 copied to D3 gives =2*$A$1

best wishes

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Bernard V Liengme
www.stfx.ca/people/bliengme
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