Hi Mark,

If you want to return word values that exclude pence, you need to set the
value of Dave's NoPence parameter to False.

So, with your examples try:

=SpellNumber('Finance Bank Transfer'!F17,FALSE)
and
=SpellNumber('Finance Bank Transfer'!C30, FALSE)

---
Regards,
Norman



"Monty" wrote in message
...
Hi

Names of worksheets

WS1 Finance Bank Transfer (all Calculations done on this page)
WS2 Giro Account Formula =SpellNumber('Finance Bank Transfer'!F17)
WS3 PMG Account Formula =SpellNumber('Finance Bank Transfer'!C30)

Is this correct

Thanks

Mark


"Norman Jones" wrote:

Hi Mark,

This Function brings back No Pounds And No pence for worksheet 3
However i need the pounds to come up with no pence.


Dave's Function modifications worked for me.

I could reproduce your results if (a) the cell contained a zero value
(or
was empty) *and* (b) the function was called without stipulating a value
of
False for Dave's second parameter, e.g.:

=spellnumber(A1,FALSE)

Another possibility is that calculation is set to manual and the cell is
returning an historic value.

---
Regards,
Norman

Spellnumber
 

I have input the following formula in order to convert numbers into words.
the problem is i am working form three work sheets and the formula works
fine for the first two however in the last worksheet i do not want to
transfer pence over, how can i get round this if a need pence in the first
and second sheet but not on the third. see below for macro.

Sub bb()

End Sub
Option Explicit

'****************' Main Function *'****************
Function SpellNumber(ByVal MyNumber)
Dim Pounds, Pence, Temp
Dim DecimalPlace, Count
ReDim Place(9) As String
Place(2) = " Thousand "
Place(3) = " Million "
Place(4) = " Billion "
Place(5) = " Trillion " ' String representation of amount
MyNumber = Trim(Str(MyNumber)) ' Position of decimal place 0 if none
DecimalPlace = InStr(MyNumber, ".")
'Convert Pence and set MyNumber to Pound amount
If DecimalPlace 0 Then
Pence = GetTens(Left(Mid(MyNumber, DecimalPlace + 1) & "00", 2))
MyNumber = Trim(Left(MyNumber, DecimalPlace - 1))
End If
Count = 1
Do While MyNumber < ""
Temp = GetHundreds(Right(MyNumber, 3))
If Temp < "" Then Pounds = Temp & Place(Count) & Pounds
If Len(MyNumber) 3 Then
MyNumber = Left(MyNumber, Len(MyNumber) - 3)
Else
MyNumber = ""
End If
Count = Count + 1
Loop
Select Case Pounds
Case ""
Pounds = "No Pounds"
Case "One"
Pounds = "One Pounds"
Case Else
Pounds = Pounds & " Pounds"
End Select
Select Case Pence
Case ""
Pence = " and No Pence"
Case "One"
Pence = " and One Pence"
Case Else
Pence = " and " & Pence & " Pence"
End Select
SpellNumber = Pounds & Pence
End Function
'*******************************************
' Converts a number from 100-999 into text *
'*******************************************
Function GetHundreds(ByVal MyNumber)
Dim Result As String
If Val(MyNumber) = 0 Then Exit Function
MyNumber = Right("000" & MyNumber, 3) 'Convert the hundreds place
If Mid(MyNumber, 1, 1) < "0" Then
Result = GetDigit(Mid(MyNumber, 1, 1)) & " Hundred "
End If
'Convert the tens and ones place
If Mid(MyNumber, 2, 1) < "0" Then
Result = Result & GetTens(Mid(MyNumber, 2))
Else
Result = Result & GetDigit(Mid(MyNumber, 3))
End If
GetHundreds = Result
End Function
'*********************************************
' Converts a number from 10 to 99 into text. *
'*********************************************
Function GetTens(TensText)
Dim Result As String
Result = "" 'null out the temporary function value
If Val(Left(TensText, 1)) = 1 Then ' If value between 10-19
Select Case Val(TensText)
Case 10: Result = "Ten"
Case 11: Result = "Eleven"
Case 12: Result = "Twelve"
Case 13: Result = "Thirteen"
Case 14: Result = "Fourteen"
Case 15: Result = "Fifteen"
Case 16: Result = "Sixteen"
Case 17: Result = "Seventeen"
Case 18: Result = "Eighteen"
Case 19: Result = "Nineteen"
Case Else
End Select
Else ' If value between 20-99
Select Case Val(Left(TensText, 1))
Case 2: Result = "Twenty "
Case 3: Result = "Thirty "
Case 4: Result = "Forty "
Case 5: Result = "Fifty "
Case 6: Result = "Sixty "
Case 7: Result = "Seventy "
Case 8: Result = "Eighty "
Case 9: Result = "Ninety "
Case Else
End Select
Result = Result & GetDigit _
(Right(TensText, 1)) 'Retrieve ones place
End If
GetTens = Result
End Function
'*******************************************
' Converts a number from 1 to 9 into text. *
'*******************************************
Function GetDigit(Digit)
Select Case Val(Digit)
Case 1: GetDigit = "One"
Case 2: GetDigit = "Two"
Case 3: GetDigit = "Three"
Case 4: GetDigit = "Four"
Case 5: GetDigit = "Five"
Case 6: GetDigit = "Six"
Case 7: GetDigit = "Seven"
Case 8: GetDigit = "Eight"
Case 9: GetDigit = "Nine"
Case Else: GetDigit = ""
End Select
End Function

Maybe you could pass the function an additional parameter:

=spellnumber(A1,False)
(True would be the default so that your formulas on the other two sheets
wouldn't have to change.)

Then the first (main) function could look like:

Option Explicit
'****************' Main Function *'****************
Function SpellNumber(ByVal MyNumber, Optional IncludePence As Boolean = True)
Dim Pounds, Pence, Temp
Dim DecimalPlace, Count
ReDim Place(9) As String
Place(2) = " Thousand "
Place(3) = " Million "
Place(4) = " Billion "
Place(5) = " Trillion " ' String representation of amount
MyNumber = Trim(Str(MyNumber)) ' Position of decimal place 0 if none
DecimalPlace = InStr(MyNumber, ".")
'Convert Pence and set MyNumber to Pound amount
If DecimalPlace 0 Then
Pence = GetTens(Left(Mid(MyNumber, DecimalPlace + 1) & "00", 2))
MyNumber = Trim(Left(MyNumber, DecimalPlace - 1))
End If
Count = 1
Do While MyNumber < ""
Temp = GetHundreds(Right(MyNumber, 3))
If Temp < "" Then Pounds = Temp & Place(Count) & Pounds
If Len(MyNumber) 3 Then
MyNumber = Left(MyNumber, Len(MyNumber) - 3)
Else
MyNumber = ""
End If
Count = Count + 1
Loop
Select Case Pounds
Case ""
Pounds = "No Pounds"
Case "One"
Pounds = "One Pounds"
Case Else
Pounds = Pounds & " Pounds"
End Select

If IncludePence = False Then
Pence = ""
Else
Select Case Pence
Case ""
Pence = " and No Pence"
Case "One"
Pence = " and One Pence"
Case Else
Pence = " and " & Pence & " Pence"
End Select
End If

SpellNumber = Pounds & Pence
End Function

Monty wrote:

I have input the following formula in order to convert numbers into words.
the problem is i am working form three work sheets and the formula works
fine for the first two however in the last worksheet i do not want to
transfer pence over, how can i get round this if a need pence in the first
and second sheet but not on the third. see below for macro.

Sub bb()

End Sub
Option Explicit

'****************' Main Function *'****************
Function SpellNumber(ByVal MyNumber)
Dim Pounds, Pence, Temp
Dim DecimalPlace, Count
ReDim Place(9) As String
Place(2) = " Thousand "
Place(3) = " Million "
Place(4) = " Billion "
Place(5) = " Trillion " ' String representation of amount
MyNumber = Trim(Str(MyNumber)) ' Position of decimal place 0 if none
DecimalPlace = InStr(MyNumber, ".")
'Convert Pence and set MyNumber to Pound amount
If DecimalPlace 0 Then
Pence = GetTens(Left(Mid(MyNumber, DecimalPlace + 1) & "00", 2))
MyNumber = Trim(Left(MyNumber, DecimalPlace - 1))
End If
Count = 1
Do While MyNumber < ""
Temp = GetHundreds(Right(MyNumber, 3))
If Temp < "" Then Pounds = Temp & Place(Count) & Pounds
If Len(MyNumber) 3 Then
MyNumber = Left(MyNumber, Len(MyNumber) - 3)
Else
MyNumber = ""
End If
Count = Count + 1
Loop
Select Case Pounds
Case ""
Pounds = "No Pounds"
Case "One"
Pounds = "One Pounds"
Case Else
Pounds = Pounds & " Pounds"
End Select
Select Case Pence
Case ""
Pence = " and No Pence"
Case "One"
Pence = " and One Pence"
Case Else
Pence = " and " & Pence & " Pence"
End Select
SpellNumber = Pounds & Pence
End Function
'*******************************************
' Converts a number from 100-999 into text *
'*******************************************
Function GetHundreds(ByVal MyNumber)
Dim Result As String
If Val(MyNumber) = 0 Then Exit Function
MyNumber = Right("000" & MyNumber, 3) 'Convert the hundreds place
If Mid(MyNumber, 1, 1) < "0" Then
Result = GetDigit(Mid(MyNumber, 1, 1)) & " Hundred "
End If
'Convert the tens and ones place
If Mid(MyNumber, 2, 1) < "0" Then
Result = Result & GetTens(Mid(MyNumber, 2))
Else
Result = Result & GetDigit(Mid(MyNumber, 3))
End If
GetHundreds = Result
End Function
'*********************************************
' Converts a number from 10 to 99 into text. *
'*********************************************
Function GetTens(TensText)
Dim Result As String
Result = "" 'null out the temporary function value
If Val(Left(TensText, 1)) = 1 Then ' If value between 10-19
Select Case Val(TensText)
Case 10: Result = "Ten"
Case 11: Result = "Eleven"
Case 12: Result = "Twelve"
Case 13: Result = "Thirteen"
Case 14: Result = "Fourteen"
Case 15: Result = "Fifteen"
Case 16: Result = "Sixteen"
Case 17: Result = "Seventeen"
Case 18: Result = "Eighteen"
Case 19: Result = "Nineteen"
Case Else
End Select
Else ' If value between 20-99
Select Case Val(Left(TensText, 1))
Case 2: Result = "Twenty "
Case 3: Result = "Thirty "
Case 4: Result = "Forty "
Case 5: Result = "Fifty "
Case 6: Result = "Sixty "
Case 7: Result = "Seventy "
Case 8: Result = "Eighty "
Case 9: Result = "Ninety "
Case Else
End Select
Result = Result & GetDigit _
(Right(TensText, 1)) 'Retrieve ones place
End If
GetTens = Result
End Function
'*******************************************
' Converts a number from 1 to 9 into text. *
'*******************************************
Function GetDigit(Digit)
Select Case Val(Digit)
Case 1: GetDigit = "One"
Case 2: GetDigit = "Two"
Case 3: GetDigit = "Three"
Case 4: GetDigit = "Four"
Case 5: GetDigit = "Five"
Case 6: GetDigit = "Six"
Case 7: GetDigit = "Seven"
Case 8: GetDigit = "Eight"
Case 9: GetDigit = "Nine"
Case Else: GetDigit = ""
End Select
End Function

--

Dave Peterson

Thanks

This Function brings back No Pounds And No pence for worksheet 3
However i need the pounds to come up with no pence.
Thanks Mark

"Dave Peterson" wrote:

Maybe you could pass the function an additional parameter:

=spellnumber(A1,False)
(True would be the default so that your formulas on the other two sheets
wouldn't have to change.)

Then the first (main) function could look like:

Option Explicit
'****************' Main Function *'****************
Function SpellNumber(ByVal MyNumber, Optional IncludePence As Boolean = True)
Dim Pounds, Pence, Temp
Dim DecimalPlace, Count
ReDim Place(9) As String
Place(2) = " Thousand "
Place(3) = " Million "
Place(4) = " Billion "
Place(5) = " Trillion " ' String representation of amount
MyNumber = Trim(Str(MyNumber)) ' Position of decimal place 0 if none
DecimalPlace = InStr(MyNumber, ".")
'Convert Pence and set MyNumber to Pound amount
If DecimalPlace 0 Then
Pence = GetTens(Left(Mid(MyNumber, DecimalPlace + 1) & "00", 2))
MyNumber = Trim(Left(MyNumber, DecimalPlace - 1))
End If
Count = 1
Do While MyNumber < ""
Temp = GetHundreds(Right(MyNumber, 3))
If Temp < "" Then Pounds = Temp & Place(Count) & Pounds
If Len(MyNumber) 3 Then
MyNumber = Left(MyNumber, Len(MyNumber) - 3)
Else
MyNumber = ""
End If
Count = Count + 1
Loop
Select Case Pounds
Case ""
Pounds = "No Pounds"
Case "One"
Pounds = "One Pounds"
Case Else
Pounds = Pounds & " Pounds"
End Select

If IncludePence = False Then
Pence = ""
Else
Select Case Pence
Case ""
Pence = " and No Pence"
Case "One"
Pence = " and One Pence"
Case Else
Pence = " and " & Pence & " Pence"
End Select
End If

SpellNumber = Pounds & Pence
End Function

Monty wrote:

I have input the following formula in order to convert numbers into words.
the problem is i am working form three work sheets and the formula works
fine for the first two however in the last worksheet i do not want to
transfer pence over, how can i get round this if a need pence in the first
and second sheet but not on the third. see below for macro.

Sub bb()

End Sub
Option Explicit

'****************' Main Function *'****************
Function SpellNumber(ByVal MyNumber)
Dim Pounds, Pence, Temp
Dim DecimalPlace, Count
ReDim Place(9) As String
Place(2) = " Thousand "
Place(3) = " Million "
Place(4) = " Billion "
Place(5) = " Trillion " ' String representation of amount
MyNumber = Trim(Str(MyNumber)) ' Position of decimal place 0 if none
DecimalPlace = InStr(MyNumber, ".")
'Convert Pence and set MyNumber to Pound amount
If DecimalPlace 0 Then
Pence = GetTens(Left(Mid(MyNumber, DecimalPlace + 1) & "00", 2))
MyNumber = Trim(Left(MyNumber, DecimalPlace - 1))
End If
Count = 1
Do While MyNumber < ""
Temp = GetHundreds(Right(MyNumber, 3))
If Temp < "" Then Pounds = Temp & Place(Count) & Pounds
If Len(MyNumber) 3 Then
MyNumber = Left(MyNumber, Len(MyNumber) - 3)
Else
MyNumber = ""
End If
Count = Count + 1
Loop
Select Case Pounds
Case ""
Pounds = "No Pounds"
Case "One"
Pounds = "One Pounds"
Case Else
Pounds = Pounds & " Pounds"
End Select
Select Case Pence
Case ""
Pence = " and No Pence"
Case "One"
Pence = " and One Pence"
Case Else
Pence = " and " & Pence & " Pence"
End Select
SpellNumber = Pounds & Pence
End Function
'*******************************************
' Converts a number from 100-999 into text *
'*******************************************
Function GetHundreds(ByVal MyNumber)
Dim Result As String
If Val(MyNumber) = 0 Then Exit Function
MyNumber = Right("000" & MyNumber, 3) 'Convert the hundreds place
If Mid(MyNumber, 1, 1) < "0" Then
Result = GetDigit(Mid(MyNumber, 1, 1)) & " Hundred "
End If
'Convert the tens and ones place
If Mid(MyNumber, 2, 1) < "0" Then
Result = Result & GetTens(Mid(MyNumber, 2))
Else
Result = Result & GetDigit(Mid(MyNumber, 3))
End If
GetHundreds = Result
End Function
'*********************************************
' Converts a number from 10 to 99 into text. *
'*********************************************
Function GetTens(TensText)
Dim Result As String
Result = "" 'null out the temporary function value
If Val(Left(TensText, 1)) = 1 Then ' If value between 10-19
Select Case Val(TensText)
Case 10: Result = "Ten"
Case 11: Result = "Eleven"
Case 12: Result = "Twelve"
Case 13: Result = "Thirteen"
Case 14: Result = "Fourteen"
Case 15: Result = "Fifteen"
Case 16: Result = "Sixteen"
Case 17: Result = "Seventeen"
Case 18: Result = "Eighteen"
Case 19: Result = "Nineteen"
Case Else
End Select
Else ' If value between 20-99
Select Case Val(Left(TensText, 1))
Case 2: Result = "Twenty "
Case 3: Result = "Thirty "
Case 4: Result = "Forty "
Case 5: Result = "Fifty "
Case 6: Result = "Sixty "
Case 7: Result = "Seventy "
Case 8: Result = "Eighty "
Case 9: Result = "Ninety "
Case Else
End Select
Result = Result & GetDigit _
(Right(TensText, 1)) 'Retrieve ones place
End If
GetTens = Result
End Function
'*******************************************
' Converts a number from 1 to 9 into text. *
'*******************************************
Function GetDigit(Digit)
Select Case Val(Digit)
Case 1: GetDigit = "One"
Case 2: GetDigit = "Two"
Case 3: GetDigit = "Three"
Case 4: GetDigit = "Four"
Case 5: GetDigit = "Five"
Case 6: GetDigit = "Six"
Case 7: GetDigit = "Seven"
Case 8: GetDigit = "Eight"
Case 9: GetDigit = "Nine"
Case Else: GetDigit = ""
End Select
End Function

--

Dave Peterson

What formula did you use and what was the quantity in the cell you used?

Monty wrote:

Thanks

This Function brings back No Pounds And No pence for worksheet 3
However i need the pounds to come up with no pence.
Thanks Mark

"Dave Peterson" wrote:

Maybe you could pass the function an additional parameter:

=spellnumber(A1,False)
(True would be the default so that your formulas on the other two sheets
wouldn't have to change.)

Then the first (main) function could look like:

Option Explicit
'****************' Main Function *'****************
Function SpellNumber(ByVal MyNumber, Optional IncludePence As Boolean = True)
Dim Pounds, Pence, Temp
Dim DecimalPlace, Count
ReDim Place(9) As String
Place(2) = " Thousand "
Place(3) = " Million "
Place(4) = " Billion "
Place(5) = " Trillion " ' String representation of amount
MyNumber = Trim(Str(MyNumber)) ' Position of decimal place 0 if none
DecimalPlace = InStr(MyNumber, ".")
'Convert Pence and set MyNumber to Pound amount
If DecimalPlace 0 Then
Pence = GetTens(Left(Mid(MyNumber, DecimalPlace + 1) & "00", 2))
MyNumber = Trim(Left(MyNumber, DecimalPlace - 1))
End If
Count = 1
Do While MyNumber < ""
Temp = GetHundreds(Right(MyNumber, 3))
If Temp < "" Then Pounds = Temp & Place(Count) & Pounds
If Len(MyNumber) 3 Then
MyNumber = Left(MyNumber, Len(MyNumber) - 3)
Else
MyNumber = ""
End If
Count = Count + 1
Loop
Select Case Pounds
Case ""
Pounds = "No Pounds"
Case "One"
Pounds = "One Pounds"
Case Else
Pounds = Pounds & " Pounds"
End Select

If IncludePence = False Then
Pence = ""
Else
Select Case Pence
Case ""
Pence = " and No Pence"
Case "One"
Pence = " and One Pence"
Case Else
Pence = " and " & Pence & " Pence"
End Select
End If

SpellNumber = Pounds & Pence
End Function

Monty wrote:

I have input the following formula in order to convert numbers into words.
the problem is i am working form three work sheets and the formula works
fine for the first two however in the last worksheet i do not want to
transfer pence over, how can i get round this if a need pence in the first
and second sheet but not on the third. see below for macro.

Sub bb()

End Sub
Option Explicit

'****************' Main Function *'****************
Function SpellNumber(ByVal MyNumber)
Dim Pounds, Pence, Temp
Dim DecimalPlace, Count
ReDim Place(9) As String
Place(2) = " Thousand "
Place(3) = " Million "
Place(4) = " Billion "
Place(5) = " Trillion " ' String representation of amount
MyNumber = Trim(Str(MyNumber)) ' Position of decimal place 0 if none
DecimalPlace = InStr(MyNumber, ".")
'Convert Pence and set MyNumber to Pound amount
If DecimalPlace 0 Then
Pence = GetTens(Left(Mid(MyNumber, DecimalPlace + 1) & "00", 2))
MyNumber = Trim(Left(MyNumber, DecimalPlace - 1))
End If
Count = 1
Do While MyNumber < ""
Temp = GetHundreds(Right(MyNumber, 3))
If Temp < "" Then Pounds = Temp & Place(Count) & Pounds
If Len(MyNumber) 3 Then
MyNumber = Left(MyNumber, Len(MyNumber) - 3)
Else
MyNumber = ""
End If
Count = Count + 1
Loop
Select Case Pounds
Case ""
Pounds = "No Pounds"
Case "One"
Pounds = "One Pounds"
Case Else
Pounds = Pounds & " Pounds"
End Select
Select Case Pence
Case ""
Pence = " and No Pence"
Case "One"
Pence = " and One Pence"
Case Else
Pence = " and " & Pence & " Pence"
End Select
SpellNumber = Pounds & Pence
End Function
'*******************************************
' Converts a number from 100-999 into text *
'*******************************************
Function GetHundreds(ByVal MyNumber)
Dim Result As String
If Val(MyNumber) = 0 Then Exit Function
MyNumber = Right("000" & MyNumber, 3) 'Convert the hundreds place
If Mid(MyNumber, 1, 1) < "0" Then
Result = GetDigit(Mid(MyNumber, 1, 1)) & " Hundred "
End If
'Convert the tens and ones place
If Mid(MyNumber, 2, 1) < "0" Then
Result = Result & GetTens(Mid(MyNumber, 2))
Else
Result = Result & GetDigit(Mid(MyNumber, 3))
End If
GetHundreds = Result
End Function
'*********************************************
' Converts a number from 10 to 99 into text. *
'*********************************************
Function GetTens(TensText)
Dim Result As String
Result = "" 'null out the temporary function value
If Val(Left(TensText, 1)) = 1 Then ' If value between 10-19
Select Case Val(TensText)
Case 10: Result = "Ten"
Case 11: Result = "Eleven"
Case 12: Result = "Twelve"
Case 13: Result = "Thirteen"
Case 14: Result = "Fourteen"
Case 15: Result = "Fifteen"
Case 16: Result = "Sixteen"
Case 17: Result = "Seventeen"
Case 18: Result = "Eighteen"
Case 19: Result = "Nineteen"
Case Else
End Select
Else ' If value between 20-99
Select Case Val(Left(TensText, 1))
Case 2: Result = "Twenty "
Case 3: Result = "Thirty "
Case 4: Result = "Forty "
Case 5: Result = "Fifty "
Case 6: Result = "Sixty "
Case 7: Result = "Seventy "
Case 8: Result = "Eighty "
Case 9: Result = "Ninety "
Case Else
End Select
Result = Result & GetDigit _
(Right(TensText, 1)) 'Retrieve ones place
End If
GetTens = Result
End Function
'*******************************************
' Converts a number from 1 to 9 into text. *
'*******************************************
Function GetDigit(Digit)
Select Case Val(Digit)
Case 1: GetDigit = "One"
Case 2: GetDigit = "Two"
Case 3: GetDigit = "Three"
Case 4: GetDigit = "Four"
Case 5: GetDigit = "Five"
Case 6: GetDigit = "Six"
Case 7: GetDigit = "Seven"
Case 8: GetDigit = "Eight"
Case 9: GetDigit = "Nine"
Case Else: GetDigit = ""
End Select
End Function

--

Dave Peterson


--

Dave Peterson

Hi Mark,

This Function brings back No Pounds And No pence for worksheet 3
However i need the pounds to come up with no pence.


Dave's Function modifications worked for me.

I could reproduce your results if (a) the cell contained a zero value (or
was empty) *and* (b) the function was called without stipulating a value of
False for Dave's second parameter, e.g.:

=spellnumber(A1,FALSE)

Another possibility is that calculation is set to manual and the cell is
returning an historic value.

---
Regards,
Norman

Hi

Names of worksheets

WS1 Finance Bank Transfer (all Calculations done on this page)
WS2 Giro Account Formula =SpellNumber('Finance Bank Transfer'!F17)
WS3 PMG Account Formula =SpellNumber('Finance Bank Transfer'!C30)

Is this correct

Thanks

Mark


"Norman Jones" wrote:

Hi Mark,

This Function brings back No Pounds And No pence for worksheet 3
However i need the pounds to come up with no pence.


Dave's Function modifications worked for me.

I could reproduce your results if (a) the cell contained a zero value (or
was empty) *and* (b) the function was called without stipulating a value of
False for Dave's second parameter, e.g.:

=spellnumber(A1,FALSE)

Another possibility is that calculation is set to manual and the cell is
returning an historic value.

---
Regards,
Norman