Need help extracting data
 

I have a datasheet that has columns with codes in them that correspond to
information stored in two lookup tables. What I want to do is take the
information from the data sheet (i.e., the code E out of a total of 27 codes)
have a formula that will translate that (meaning it will take what E means
and put in the actual definition (i.e., large bolt and then it tells me the
type of bolt). All of this is by a particular department.

I am totally lost on how I can do this? Help!

Thank you in advance.